The necessity of an exchange of views between representatives of academic and scientific centers from many countries on a wide range of issues relating to Iberoamerican region can not be overemphasized. At this difficult historical moment, it is important to understand clearly all the risks and opportunities of international dialogue that can prevent a rollback from cooperation to the times of the cold war. Spain, acting within the EU, strives for to reduce tensions, wishing to build a Spanish-Russian relationship on a mutually beneficial basis, since both sides suffer from the growth of distrust and the restriction of exchanges. Clear prospects for cooperation between Russia and Spain exist in the struggle against common threats: terroris...